December 2nd in History

Le Couronnement de l’Empereur et de l’Impératrice, by Jacques-Louis David

Today in History

  • Napoléon Bonaparte crowns himself Emperor of the French (1804)
  • US President James Monroe proclaims the “Monroe Doctrine” in his State of the Union message (1823)
  • Abolitionist leader John Brown is hanged (1859)
  • A team led by Enrico Fermi initiates the first self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction (1942)
  • A Luftwaffe raid on Bari, Italy, results in a release of World War I-era mustard gas on board the SS John Harvey; among its side effects is the development of an early form of chemotherapy (1943)
  • The US Senate votes to censure Joseph McCarthy (1954)
  • Fidel Castro formally declares that he is a Marxist-Leninist and that Cuba will adopt communism (1961)
  • The EPA begins operations (1970)
  • Barney Clark becomes the first person to receive a permanent artificial heart (1982)
  • Benazir Bhutto becomes the first woman to head the government of an Islam-majority state (1988)
  • Enron files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection (2001)

Birthdays

  • Georges Seurat, painter (1859)
  • Charles Ringling, circus promoter (1863)
  • Adolph Green, playwright and composer (1914)
  • Maria Callas, soprano (1923)
  • Alexander Haig, general and politician (1924)
  • Edwin Meese, attorney general (1931)
  • Harry Reid, US senator (1939)
  • Cathy Lee Crosby, actress (1944)
  • Gianni Versace, fashion designer (1946)
  • Stone Phillips, television journalist (1954)
  • Lucy Liu, actress (1968)
  • Monica Seles, tennis player (1973)
  • Nelly Furtado, singer-songwriter (1978)
  • Britney Spears, singer-songwriter (1981)

Deaths

  • Hernán Cortés, explorer (1547)
  • Gerardus Mercator, cartographer (1594)
  • Marquis de Sade, philosopher and writer (1814)
  • John Brown, abolitionist (1859)
  • Jay Gould, financier (1892)
  • Edmond Rostand, playwright (1918)
  • John Ringling, circus promoter (1936)
  • Harrison Ford, silent film star (1957)
  • Chaudhry Muhammad Ali, Pakistani politician (1980)
  • Marty Feldman, actor (1982)
  • Fifi D’Orsay, actress (1983)
  • Desi Arnaz, actor, singer, and producer (1986)
  • Aaron Copeland, composer (1990)
  • Robert Cummings, actor (1990)
  • Pablo Escobar, drug lord (1993)
  • Odetta, singer-songwriter (2008)

Holidays and Celebrations

  • Armed Forces Day (Cuba)
  • International Day for the Abolition of Slavery (worldwide)
  • National Day (Laos)
  • National Day (United Arab Emirates)
Informal and made-up holidays include National Mutt Day, Safety Razor Day, and Special Education Day.
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December 2 is the 336th day of the year (337th in leap years). There are 29 days remaining until the end of the year.